National Security Law of the People's Republic of China

Chapter One General Provisions

Chapter II Tasks of Maintaining National Security

Chapter III Responsibilities for Maintaining National Security

Chapter IV National Security System

Section 1 General Provisions

Section 2 Intelligence Information

Section 3 Risk Prevention, Evaluation and Early Warning

Section 4 Review and Supervision

Section 5 Crisis Management

Chapter V National Security Guarantee

Chapter VI Obligations and Rights of Citizens and Organizations

Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions

Chapter One

General

Article 1 In order to safeguard national security, safeguard the people’s democratic dictatorship and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, protect the fundamental interests of the people, ensure the smooth progress of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the Constitution shall be formulated in accordance with the Constitution. law.

Article 2 National security refers to the state of state power, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, people’s well-being, sustainable economic and social development, and other major national interests in a relatively safe state and free from internal and external threats, as well as the ability to guarantee a continuous state of security.

Article 3 National security work shall adhere to the overall national security concept, take people’s security as the purpose, take political security as the foundation, take economic security as the foundation, take military, cultural, and social security as the guarantee, rely on the promotion of international security, and safeguard all parties. In the field of national security, build a national security system, and take the path of national security with Chinese characteristics.

Article 4 Persist in the leadership of the Communist Party of China in national security work and establish a centralized, unified, efficient and authoritative national security leadership system.

Article 5 The central national security leadership agency is responsible for the decision-making and coordination of national security work, researching, formulating and guiding the implementation of national security strategies and related major policies, coordinating major issues and important tasks of national security, and promoting the establishment of the rule of law in national security.

Article 6 The state formulates and continuously improves the national security strategy, comprehensively evaluates the international and domestic security situation, and clarifies the national security strategy’s guidelines, medium and long-term goals, and national security policies, work tasks and measures in key areas.

Article 7: To maintain national security, we should abide by the Constitution and laws, adhere to the principles of the socialist rule of law, respect and protect human rights, and protect citizens' rights and freedoms in accordance with the law.

Article 8 The maintenance of national security shall be coordinated with economic and social development.

National security work should coordinate internal security and external security, homeland security and national security, traditional security and non-traditional security, self-security and common security.

Article 9: To maintain national security, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of prevention, tackling both symptoms and root causes, combining specialized work with the mass line, giving full play to the functional role of specialized agencies and other relevant agencies in maintaining national security, and mobilizing citizens and organizations extensively to prevent, stop, and act in accordance with the law. Punish acts that endanger national security.

Article 10: To maintain national security, we should adhere to mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, and cooperation, actively carry out security exchanges and cooperation with foreign governments and international organizations, fulfill international security obligations, promote common security, and maintain world peace.

Article 11: Citizens of the People's Republic of China, all state organs and armed forces, all political parties and people's organizations, enterprises and institutions, and other social organizations have the responsibility and obligation to maintain national security.

China's sovereignty and territorial integrity must not be violated or divided. Safeguarding national sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity is the common obligation of all Chinese people, including compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.

Article 12 The state commends and rewards individuals and organizations that have made outstanding contributions to safeguarding national security.

Article 13: Staff of state organs who abuse their power, neglect their duties, or engage in malpractice for personal gains in national security work and activities involving national security shall be investigated for legal responsibility in accordance with the law.

Any individual or organization that violates this law and relevant laws, fails to perform the obligation to maintain national security, or engages in activities that endanger national security, shall be investigated for legal responsibility in accordance with the law.

Article 14 Every year, April 15th is the National Security Education Day for the whole people.

Chapter two

The task of maintaining national security

Article 15 The state adheres to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, safeguards the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, develops socialist democratic politics, improves the socialist rule of law, strengthens the power operation restriction and supervision mechanism, and guarantees the rights of the people to be the masters of the country.

The state prevents, stops, and punishes any acts of treason, secession, incitement to rebellion, subversion or incitement to subvert the people's democratic dictatorship; prevent, stop and punish acts that endanger national security such as theft and disclosure of state secrets; prevent, stop and punish in accordance with the law Punish the infiltration, sabotage, subversion, and separatist activities of foreign forces.

Article 16. The state maintains and develops the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, safeguards the people's safety, creates good conditions for survival and development and a stable working and living environment, and protects citizens' lives and property and other legitimate rights and interests.

Article 17 The state strengthens the construction of border defense, coastal defense and air defense, adopts all necessary defense and control measures to protect the security of territorial land, inland waters, territorial waters and airspace, and safeguard national territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests.

Article 18: The state strengthens the revolutionization, modernization, and regularization of its armed forces, and builds armed forces commensurate with the needs of safeguarding national security and development interests; implementing active defense military strategies, preventing and resisting aggression, and stopping armed subversion and division; Carry out international military security cooperation, implement UN peacekeeping, international rescue, maritime escort and military operations to safeguard the country’s overseas interests, and safeguard national sovereignty, security, territorial integrity, development interests and world peace.

Article 19 The state maintains the basic national economic system and the order of the socialist market economy, improves the institutional mechanisms for preventing and deflating economic security risks, and guarantees important industries and key fields, key industries, major infrastructure and major construction projects that are the lifeline of the national economy. And other major economic interests security.

Article 20 The state shall improve financial macro-prudential management and financial risk prevention and disposal mechanisms, strengthen financial infrastructure and basic capacity building, prevent and resolve systemic and regional financial risks, and prevent and resist the impact of external financial risks.

Article 21: The State rationally utilizes and protects resources and energy, effectively controls the development of strategic resources and energy, strengthens strategic resource and energy reserves, improves the construction of strategic resources and energy transportation channels and safety protection measures, strengthens international resource and energy cooperation, and comprehensively enhances emergency protection capabilities , To ensure the continuous, reliable and effective supply of resources and energy required for economic and social development.

Article 22 The state shall complete the food security guarantee system, protect and improve the overall grain production capacity, improve the grain reserve system, circulation system and market regulation mechanism, improve the food security early warning system, and ensure food supply and quality safety.

Article 23: The state adheres to the direction of advanced socialist culture, inherits and promotes the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, cultivates and practices the core socialist values, prevents and resists the influence of unhealthy culture, grasps the dominant power in the field of ideology, and strengthens the overall culture Strength and competitiveness.

Article 24: The state strengthens the building of independent innovation capabilities, accelerates the development of independent and controllable strategic high-tech and core key technologies in important fields, strengthens the use and protection of intellectual property rights and the construction of technological confidentiality capabilities to ensure the safety of major technologies and projects.

Article 25: The State builds a network and information security guarantee system, improves network and information security protection capabilities, strengthens the innovative research, development and application of network and information technology, and realizes core network and information technology, key infrastructure, and information systems in important areas. Data security is controllable; strengthen network management, prevent, stop, and punish network attacks, network intrusions, network theft, dissemination of illegal and harmful information, and other cyber crimes in accordance with the law, and safeguard national cyberspace sovereignty, security, and development interests.

Article 26 The state adheres to and improves the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and consolidates and develops socialist ethnic relations of equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony. Adhere to equality among all ethnic groups, strengthen ethnic exchanges, exchanges, and integration, prevent, stop, and punish ethnic separatist activities in accordance with the law, maintain national unity, ethnic unity and social harmony, and realize the unity and struggle of all ethnic groups for common prosperity and development.

Article 27: The state protects citizens' freedom of religious belief and normal religious activities in accordance with the law, adheres to the principle of religious independence and self-management, prevents, stops and punishes illegal and criminal activities in the name of religion that endanger national security in accordance with the law, and opposes interference by foreign forces in domestic religious affairs , Maintain the order of normal religious activities.

The state bans cult organizations in accordance with the law to prevent, stop and punish illegal and criminal activities of cults in accordance with the law.

Article 28: The state opposes all forms of terrorism and extremism, strengthens the building of the ability to prevent and deal with terrorism, conduct intelligence, investigation, prevention, disposal, and financial supervision in accordance with the law, and ban terrorist organizations and severely punish violence in accordance with the law. Terrorist activities.

Article 29: The State completes the effective prevention and resolution of social conflicts, the public security system, actively prevents, reduces and resolves social conflicts, and properly handles public health, social security and other emergencies that affect national security and social stability. Promote social harmony and maintain public safety and social stability.

Article 30 The State shall improve the ecological environment protection system, increase ecological construction and environmental protection, delineate ecological protection red lines, strengthen early warning and prevention and control of ecological risks, properly handle environmental emergencies, and ensure the survival and development of the people. The atmosphere, water, soil and other natural environments and conditions are not threatened and destroyed, and the harmonious development of man and nature is promoted.

Article 31: The State adheres to the peaceful use of nuclear energy and nuclear technology, strengthens international cooperation, prevents nuclear proliferation, improves the non-proliferation mechanism, strengthens the safety management, supervision and protection of nuclear facilities, nuclear materials, nuclear activities and nuclear waste disposal, and strengthens Nuclear accident emergency response system and emergency response capacity building, prevent, control and eliminate the harm of nuclear accidents to citizens' lives and health and the ecological environment, and continuously enhance the ability to effectively respond to and prevent nuclear threats and nuclear attacks.

Article 32: The State persists in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space, the international seabed area and polar regions, strengthens the capacity for safe entry and exit, scientific investigation, development and utilization, strengthens international cooperation, and safeguards my country's activities in outer space, the international seabed area and polar regions. , The security of assets and other interests.

Article 33 The state takes necessary measures in accordance with the law to protect the safety and legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese citizens, organizations and institutions, and to protect the country’s overseas interests from threats and infringements.

Article 34 The state constantly improves the task of safeguarding national security in accordance with the needs of economic and social development and national development interests.

third chapter
Responsibility to maintain national security

Article 35 The National People's Congress, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, decides on issues of war and peace, and exercises other functions and powers related to national security provided by the Constitution.

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, decides on the declaration of the state of war, decides on general mobilization or partial mobilization, decides the country or individual provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities to enter a state of emergency, and exercises the provisions of the Constitution and the National People's Congress grants that involve national security. Other powers.

Article 36 The President of the People’s Republic of China shall follow the decisions of the National People’s Congress and the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress

The decision of the meeting, declared a state of emergency, declared a state of war, issued a mobilization order, and exercised other functions and powers related to national security stipulated by the constitution.

Article 37 The State Council shall, in accordance with the Constitution and laws, formulate administrative regulations related to national security, stipulate relevant administrative measures, and issue relevant decisions and orders; implement national security laws, regulations and policies; decide within the limits of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in accordance with the provisions of the law Some areas have entered a state of emergency; exercise other functions and powers related to national security stipulated by the Constitution and laws and granted by the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee.

Article 38: The Central Military Commission leads the nation's armed forces, determines military strategies and operational policies of the armed forces, uniformly directs military operations to maintain national security, formulates military regulations related to national security, and issues relevant decisions and orders.

Article 39: The various departments of the central state organs, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, implement national security guidelines, policies, laws and regulations, and manage and guide national security work in their systems and fields.

Article 40: Local people's congresses at all levels and standing committees of local people's congresses at or above the county level shall ensure compliance and enforcement of national security laws and regulations within their respective administrative regions.

Local people's governments at all levels shall administer national security work in their administrative areas in accordance with laws and regulations.

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macao Special Administrative Region shall perform the responsibility of safeguarding national security.

Article 41: The people's courts exercise judicial power in accordance with the law, and the people's procuratorates exercise procuratorial power in accordance with the law to punish crimes that endanger national security.

Article 42: National security organs and public security organs collect intelligence information related to national security in accordance with the law, and perform investigation, detention, pre-trial, arrest, and other functions and powers prescribed by law in national security work in accordance with the law.

Relevant military agencies exercise relevant functions and powers in accordance with law in national security work.

Energy, effectively control the development of strategic resources and energy, strengthen strategic resources and energy reserves, improve the construction of strategic resources and energy transportation and safety protection measures, strengthen international cooperation in resources and energy, comprehensively improve emergency protection capabilities, and ensure the sustainability of resources and energy required for economic and social development , Reliable and effective supply.

Article 22 The state shall complete the food security guarantee system, protect and improve the overall grain production capacity, improve the grain reserve system, circulation system and market regulation mechanism, improve the food security early warning system, and ensure food supply and quality safety.

Article 23: The state adheres to the direction of advanced socialist culture, inherits and promotes the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, cultivates and practices the core socialist values, prevents and resists the influence of unhealthy culture, grasps the dominant power in the field of ideology, and strengthens the overall culture Strength and competitiveness.

Article 24: The state strengthens the building of independent innovation capabilities, accelerates the development of independent and controllable strategic high-tech and core key technologies in important fields, strengthens the use and protection of intellectual property rights and the construction of technological confidentiality capabilities to ensure the safety of major technologies and projects.

Article 25: The State builds a network and information security guarantee system, improves network and information security protection capabilities, strengthens the innovative research, development and application of network and information technology, and realizes core network and information technology, key infrastructure, and information systems in important areas. Data security is controllable; strengthen network management, prevent, stop, and punish network attacks, network intrusions, network theft, dissemination of illegal and harmful information, and other cyber crimes in accordance with the law, and safeguard national cyberspace sovereignty, security, and development interests.